The church guide to digital content curation

Digital content is becoming more important to hybrid ministry, especially with waning attendance and participation in livestream worship and events. As the world continues to emerge from the pandemic, digital ministry will become increasingly asynchronous, where digital content anchors conversations and communities. We will see fewer attending events, and more reading stories, watching videos, and discussing ideas.

As we observe this shift, the content we share becomes a new form of Christian witness for a digital age, a way to engage and welcome the neighbor.

At first glance, the demands of digital content may seem to be too much for church leaders already struggling to keep up with worship services, staff meetings, council meetings, weddings, funerals, and youth groups. It is certainly true that church leaders do not have time to create enough content to do digital ministry well. There simply aren't enough hours in the week.

So today's church leader must figure out how to balance content creation with curation, or the act of re-packaging and re-distributing content.

We take up the work of curation not just because it saves us time, but because the church already builds considerable original content each week: sermons, children's messages, prayers, bulletins, announcements, and more. Plus, the broader web is filled with thoughtful (and sometimes not-so-thoughtful) faith-based content. The task of the digital minister in 2023 and beyond will be that of a theologically-trained librarian, selecting and surfacing resources for discussion in their community.

An example of email curation from Faith Lead: Book descriptions and reviews

Step one: Create or curate?

High-quality curation begins with the decision that it's more useful to repackage something existing than to create something anew.

Generally, creating new content is more useful in unique circumstances, or when you're seeking to circulate novel perspectives from within the ministry. In most other circumstances, curation will be just as impactful.

You should create new content when:	You should curate existing content when:
You want to lift up the stories and perspectives in your own community	You want to share expert perspectives from highly-regarded thinkers
Your community is facing a unique challenge or opportunity (ie, a special event, or a transition in staff leadership)	Community is facing a challenge or opportunity shared by many others (ie, a global pandemic)
You want to broadly share an idea that is original or brand new to your community (ie, a work of art or a new piece of music written by a parishioner)	You want to broadly share an idea already circulating within your community: from a sermon, from a discussion group, etc.

Applying this logic, curation ought to be more common than creation in most Christian communities.

Churches tend to use similar source material (doctrines and scripture). Most churches face similar challenges (such as pandemics and declining attendance). And all churches have ideas that are shared via preaching and formation.

Once you have decided to curate an idea, the next step is to determine whether to curate internally or externally.

An example of curation on Facebook, sharing a post from the denomination

Step two: Internal vs external curation

To curate something internally is to repackage what your community has already created, reigniting its usefulness by posting to social media, including in a newsletter, or publishing in a blog or podcast.

Internal curation sources	Curation example
Sermon audio	Publish in a podcast feed
Confirmation lesson	Instagram Reel video
Prayers of the people	Social media post

To curate external content is to share a resource created outside of your community. External curation is the act of embedding quality resources within your ministry's digital platforms, like a newsletter or blog.

​External curation sources	Curation example
Short video (ie, from The Bible Project) explaining context behind weekly scripture passage	Embed the video in weekly newsletter
Podcast episode exploring a question of what it means to be the life of faith (ie, an episode of Another Name for Everything with Richard Rohr)	Post to social media channels and encourage comments on a discussion question
Idea shared via Tweet or other social post	Re-tweet or re-post, with a 1-2 sentence description of how it applies (or doesn't apply) in your community

External curation requires some filtering on the part of the digital minister. Before re-sharing an external idea, think about the author's original objective. Was it to inspire a conversation? Attract eyeballs to their profile? Boost attendance for their worship services? You'll also want to make sure that the author is a real (and reputable) thinker. Relevant Magazine made headlines in 2021 when they reported that four out of the five most shared Christian Facebook pages were run not by ministers but by foreign troll farms. As librarians evaluate the reliability, validity, and accuracy of a resource, the digital minister evaluates its integrity.

Then, consider the author's theological commitments, both those that are explicit in the content and those that are implied from the author's institutional affiliation. The thoughtful curator sources information from a broad spectrum of denominational commitments, but is able to filter, contextualize, and editorialize to align with the needs of a specific ministry context.

Step three: Crowdsourcing as curation

Finally, we lose something if the process of creating and curating content becomes a staff or pastor-driven task. Digital content curators should act as crowd-sourcers, collecting stories and soundbites to share across the community. Digital ministry can only be the work of the people if we draw in more perspectives than rostered leaders, paid staff, and professional Christian content creators.

This is why blogs and podcasts are so important to digital ministry.

Curation in a video: Rev. Jim Keat (@ideasdonedaily) demonstrating how to embed Tweets in a YouTube message

These digital sources are perfect for adding written or recorded reflections from parishioners and community members alike. Whether in response to a specific discussion question, or as a reflection to a text or liturgical season, crowdsourced soundbites give your parishioners a voice.

More importantly, they provide the means with which to articulate God's action in their lived experiences. Digital ministry is at its apex not when it leads to content consumption, but co-creation. We do digital ministry effectively not when we invite someone to watch something, but when the content we create together helps someone to reflect at how God is at work in their world.

Content curation resources:

• Digital Literacy Toolkit: How to Create and Curate Faith-Based Artifacts

• InverHills Community College Guide to Evaluating Sources

• ConstantContact: How to Curate Content

• How to Credit Someone Else's Social Media Post

• The Ultimate Guide to Church Blogging

• Dave Daubert on how to curate stories within your congregation

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Ryan Panzer is the author of "The Holy and the Hybrid: Navigating the Church's Digital Reformation," now available wherever books are sold.

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Digital Church Hospitality: Getting to Know Your Online Neighbor

How do you build relationships with those you never see?

It's a question that's key to navigating the Digital Reformation. With worship becoming a hybrid event, pastors and church leaders see and hear those attending in person. But unless the congregation gathers for online worship via Zoom (perhaps the ideal platform for small churches), the names, faces, and even the needs of those online remain unheard. This creates two tiers of church attendance: those who leaders and members know and recognize, and those who are yet unknown.

If we are to get to know our online neighbors, it's helpful to consider some broader worship attendance trends.

Christianity Today notes that regular church attendance in the United States has dropped from 34% of Americans to 28% of Americans. This decline in worship attendance paralleled a drop in religious affiliation. For the first time in our nation's history, the percentage of Christians has fallen below 50%.

There are far fewer church members and worship attendees today than there were at the start of the pandemic. In a related finding, Pew Research data tells us that just 10% of active church-goers plan to continue regular online church attendance. Thus, many of the faces we were accustomed to seeing before March 2020 haven't shifted to worshipping online, as some would expect. Rather, they've stopped attending altogether.

Amidst this decline in worship attendance, active members have started "church-hopping" online. According to a 2020 Pew Research Study, 59% of church-goers have attended worship at a congregation other than the one they attend most often. These figures suggest a continuation of a pre-pandemic trend first noted by the Barna Group: that many practicing Christians regularly attend two or more different congregations. Since the start of the pandemic, attendance at second or third congregations has typically been virtual.

These data suggest that many of those attending worship are not active or regular members of that congregation. They are church-hopping neighbors and guests, new faces whose identities are obscured behind the anonymity of YouTube, Vimeo, and Facebook Live.

This may surprise some who imagined that online worship attendees are usually active church members. This may even frustrate those who imagined that lower in-person worship is explained by more frequent online attendance. The stark reality is that fewer people are coming to church. Those who are coming to church are less committed to a single congregation. And those who are resolutely committed to a single congregation are seldom worshipping online.

This reality calls us to consider how we might get to know our online neighbor. While there are few easy answers in digital spaces where we cannot see names and faces, there are a few hospitality practices that merit further experimentation. Specifically, we might:

• Create accessibility across platforms. Everything a church does online should be seamless to access, easy to connect to, and consistently inclusive. For starters, church leaders should work to help guests access worship on the platform of their choice. Plug-ins and integrations (such as the Zoom Livestream for Facebook feature) make it easy to broadcast the same service or event on YouTube, Facebook, Zoom as well as your app and website. But it's not just about the platforms. It's also about inclusivity. Content should be accessible within one click of the church home page. Perhaps more importantly, live events should be captioned.

• Strengthen words of welcome. Liturgy begins with a gathering, often in the form of words of welcome. Most congregations use these words of welcome specifically to greet guests in attendance. But too many congregations fail to greet guests who are gathered online. As the guest experience moves online, it is critical to specifically name, greet, and welcome online guests, those who are encountering the congregation for the first time.

• Extend a specific invitation to connect. At some point in the welcome or the announcements, guests should be invited to connect with a pastor or church leader. Too often, this invitation is ambiguous, as in if you are new, fill out this form."Getting to know the online neighbor involves greater specificity. Why should visitors fill out the form? For prayer requests? To schedule a call with a pastor or join a mailing list? To request a new visitor kit? Having provided some specific reason to submit a visitor form, we must work to ensure the forms are easy to find. Utilize QR codes, link shorteners, or video overlays to connect visitors to a contact form as easily as possible.

The church visitor experience has gone online. We must now learn to welcome our online neighbors, recognizing that digital hospitality is now synonymous with hospitality itself. We will turn to these ideas, and more, in subsequent posts.

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Ryan Panzer is the author of "The Holy and the Hybrid," available now for pre-order wherever books are sold.

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Hybrid Ministry: The Technologies Your Congregation Cannot Do Without

"So, what technology should we continue using? You know, after we get back to normal?"

It's a question I regularly hear while talking digital age ministry with church leaders, one that ministry professionals are asking with increasing frequency. Implicit in the question is a desire to jettison some, if not most, of the tools and digital resources that allow us to continue being church during a time of digital distribution. I can empathize with the sentiment. For many pastors, priests, and deacons, it's difficult enough to film, edit, and broadcast a single worship service. It's unfathomable for them to think about managing all of this technology while also proclaiming the Word and administering the Sacraments at an in-person service.

Also buried in the question is an assumption that faith communities inevitably will return to where they were in February 2020, that 18 months of virtual-first faith practice will somehow not change what it means to be a Christian in a post-pandemic reality. Surely we can all empathize with this mindset. Who among us doesn't long for a return to vibrant in-person community, to seeing our friends and neighbors, to communion, to coffee hours, to what we once knew as Christian fellowship?

One possible answer to this question would be to continue using all of the same technology we're using to bring church to those staying safer at home. Keep the Zoom licenses, continue the platform subscriptions, and stay the course. As an alternative, we could stop using technology altogether, recognizing that the future of Christianity is not exclusively digital, and therefore we ought to put our focus on in-person connection.

Yet the best answer to the question of what technology we should continue using is nuanced.

Faith communities should continue using some, but not all, technology. Churches should celebrate a return to in-person connection, when available, but not think of face-to-face as the only authentic expression of church.

In fact, the best way to answer this question is not with a categorical list or blanket rejection of technology, but with two subsequent questions:

• What are the technologies that can equip our communities for lives of faithful service?

• And what technologies facilitate collaboration in our life together?

These questions should be top of mind because they remind us to focus on digital minimalism, to only deploy those technologies that align with our mission and values.

There is little purpose in a church continuing to use a specific piece of technology if it doesn't equip our faith community for acts of Christian love and service to a hurting world. If a technology isn't actively used for teaching, preaching, praying, proclaiming, encouraging, or empowering, it functions as little more than an online bulletin board. If a digital tool doesn't facilitate discipleship, disconnect.

But when we think about this question, we might realize how our usage of Zoom has brought together diverse cross-sections of our community to engage issues of justice and learning, how our posts to Instagram Stories have introduced moments of sacred pause and prayer into the frenzied world of social media. It's likely that we can identify which technology is equipping our faith communities in the here and now. These represent the first set of technologies we must keep.

Name the technologies that equip, find the technologies that form faith. Keep them, grow them, invest in them.

The second question, of which technologies facilitate collaboration, reminds of us of the inherent risks with unplugging completely, namely, the lost opportunity to be the hands and feet of Christ wherever there are hands and feet to be found.

If a piece of technology allows us to broadcast but not to work together, to sermonize but not to serve as a community, then it's of little value to a missional faith community. When thinking about how technology facilitates collaboration, we might recognize how much of collaboration is tied up with listening. We might see how texting has allowed us to listen more intently, how Tweeting has enabled us to widen the circle of voices that we're listening to, how podcasting has enabled us to hear the most thoughtful voices on the future of Christianity.

As with technologies that equip, know what technologies that help us to collaborate in being the church together. Throw out the technologies that allow us merely to "watch" church so that we might prioritize the tools that convene our community for mutual acts of service.

Which technologies equip? Which help to collaborate?

The way we answer these questions represents our path to hybrid ministry, an expression of church that is simultaneously online and offline, that is equally inclusive of the virtual and the on-site experience. If we engage these questions thoughtfully, we may even find that we need less technology than we anticipated. We may even find that new IT staff and budget commitments are unnecessary.

Tools that equip. Tools that collaborate. In a digital age ministry, these are the tools that we cannot do without.

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@ryanpanzer is the author of "Grace and Gigabytes," available now wherever books are sold.