Let's talk terminology.
In church leadership circles, we hear the words "digital" and "hybrid" with increasing frequency.
Often, they are used interchangeably. Occasionally, they are used in conjunction: "our digital-hybrid ministry offers..." As with any ministry model, there will be some ambiguity and overlap in their definitions.
But digital is not synonymous with hybrid. These are qualitatively different models, with vastly different implications for a congregation's resources, staffing, and ministry philosophy.
Prior to the pandemic, as many as 50% of congregations were analog churches. Without a website or presence on social media, they lacked the capacity, let alone the motivation, to collaborate with online communities for the sake of mission.
But many churches with some digital presence were actually analog. Their websites and digital content existed for one purpose: to bring people somewhere else. In this way, the websites of the analog church functioned as high-end billboards, directing users to buildings for synchronous gatherings, such as worship and Christian education. A church does not become a digital ministry simply by having a website or social media. It becomes a digital ministry by gathering around the Word of God in digital spaces.
Digital ministry, then, is about access to the grace of God, as experienced through digital forms of community. When we think about digital ministry, we tend to think of worship. Digital worship was the model that 96% of pastors implemented during the pandemic, particularly during the lockdowns of spring and summer 2020, a time when there were few viable alternative models.
Live-streamed worship services are frequently associated with the digital church, however, utilizing live streaming is not a mandatory component of a digital ministry. Engaging in book discussions through Zoom, conducting board meetings via teleconferencing, and fostering social media conversations around content are also ways to practice digital ministry. As churches reassess their reliance on live-streaming, they might discover that concentrating on content - or digital resources that educate, empower, and motivate their faith communities - is a more sustainable approach.
Digital ministry, then, exists whenever web-based tools are used to gather the faithful around the Gospel message.
Some assume that ongoing live streaming also represents hybrid ministry. If a congregation gathers in the pews and on Zoom, for example, then it must be hybrid.
It's not quite that simple.
Hybrid ministry exists wherever bridges are built between online and in-person participants. To be a hybrid ministry is to create opportunities for collaboration, online and offline. A ministry can only be hybrid when online participants are actively involved in the work of the people.
Sitting passively in one's living room while watching a YouTube stream is not hybrid worship. Listening in on a Zoom conversation is not hybrid church leadership. Recording a Confirmation podcast is not hybrid Christian education.
To practice hybrid ministry is to create opportunities for those online to collaborate with, and even to lead, those gathered face-to-face. Hybrid ministry demands a high level of creativity and strategic allocation of resources. For instance, a hybrid worship ministry may rely on platforms like Zoom for services, as it allows for active participation and collaboration. Moreover, a successful hybrid ministry requires designated individuals (preferably not the pastor) to foster online discussions, manage prayer requests, and moderate interactions in the chat.
Not all ministries have to be digital, and not every digital ministry has to be hybrid. Likewise, a congregation does not necessarily need to integrate digital or hybrid approaches into every aspect of its community activities. It is common for churches to utilize digital methods for worship, hybrid approaches for adult faith formation, and stick to traditional analog methods for music ministry. There will always be a place for both digital and analog ministries within the church.
But the congregations that succeed in implementing hybrid ministry, whether through worship or some other expression of communal life, will discover what digital and analog churches may not recognize: that the grace of God abounds, that the Spirit is truly present wherever we are located, each and every moment of the day.